Weird Proxies

It's a cheat sheet about behaviour of various reverse proxies and related attacks.

It is a result of analysis of various reverse proxies, cache proxies, load balancers, etc. The article (https://www.acunetix.com/blog/articles/a-fresh-look-on-reverse-proxy-related-attacks/) describes the goals of the research and how you can use the cheat sheet.

Analyzed stuff:

• Nginx
• Apache
• Haproxy/Nuster
• Varnish
• Traefik
• Envoy
• Caddy
• AWS
• Cloudflare
• Stackpath
• Fastly

Additional:

• Test Labs

Related articles/white papers/presentations:

• Reverse proxies & Inconsistency
• Weird proxies/2 and a bit of magic
• Attacking Secondary Contexts in Web Applications
• Hacking Starbucks and Accessing Nearly 100 Million Customer Records
• Middleware, middleware everywhere - and lots of misconfigurations to fix
• ParseThru – Exploiting HTTP Parameter Smuggling in Golang
• HTTP.ninja
• Server Technologies - Reverse Proxy Bypass
• Cracking the lens: targeting HTTP's hidden attack-surface
• Abusing HTTP hop-by-hop request headers
• The perils of the “real” client IP
• Smuggling HTTP headers through reverse proxies
• At Home Among Strangers
• h2c Smuggling: Request Smuggling Via HTTP/2 Cleartext (h2c)
• H2C Smuggling in the Wild
• A story of leaking uninitialized memory from Fastly
• What’s wrong with WebSocket APIs? Unveiling vulnerabilities in WebSocket APIs
• HTTP Desync Attacks: Request Smuggling Reborn
• HTTP Request Smuggling via higher HTTP versions
• HTTP/2: The Sequel is Always Worse
• Response Smuggling:Exploiting HTTP/1.1 Connections
• Browser-Powered Desync Attacks: A New Frontier in HTTP Request Smuggling
• Making HTTP header injection critical via response queue poisoning
• Cache poisoning and other dirty tricks
• Practical Web Cache Poisoning
• Web Cache Entanglement: Novel Pathways to Poisoning
• HTTP Caching Tests
• CPDoS: Cache Poisoned Denial of Service
• The Case of the Missing Cache Keys
• Responsible denial of service with web cache poisoning
• Cache Poisoning Denial-of-Service Attack Techniques
• Cache-Key Normalization DoS
• Web Cache Deception Attack
• Cached and Confused: Web Cache Deception in the Wild
• Let's Dance in the Cache - Destabilizing Hash Table on Microsoft IIS!