This exercise allows you to practice and apply the concepts and techniques taught in class.

Upon completion of this exercise, you will be able to:

• Run JavaScript code from your IDE, using a local server to load it in the browser
• Declare variables using const and let keywords and use them to store values.
• Assign values to variables using assignment operators (= , += , -= , etc.).
• Use conditional statements (if, else if, else) and logical operators (AND, OR, NOT) to control the flow of the program.
• Access and compare string characters, substrings and length.
• Manipulate strings using basic string methods and proper (toUpperCase(), toLowerCase(), etc.).
• Compare values using the comparison operators (< , > , <= , >= , ===).
• Use for or while loops to iterate over strings in normal and reverse order.

If you are stuck in your code and don't know how to solve the problem or where to start, you should take a step back and try to form a clear question about the specific issue you are facing. This will help you narrow down the problem and come up with potential solutions.

For example, is it a concept that you don't understand, or are you receiving an error message that you don't know how to fix? It is usually helpful to try to state the problem as clearly as possible, including any error messages you are receiving. This can help you communicate the issue to others and potentially get help from classmates or online resources.

Once you have a clear understanding of the problem, you will be able to start working toward the solution.

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To find the length of a string, you can use the length property. Here is an example:

const str = "Hello, world!"";
console.log(str.length); // 13

The length property returns the number of characters in the string, including spaces and special characters.

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Here is an example of using a for loop to loop over a string:

let str = "ironhack";

for (let i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
  console.log(str[i]);
}

This code will iterate over each character in the str string. The loop will run for as many iterations as there are characters in the string. On each iteration, the loop will log the current character to the console.

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You can use the includes() method to check if a substring exists in a given string.

This method returns a boolean value (true or false) indicating whether the string it is called on includes the substring specified as an argument.

Example:

let str = "hello world";

console.log(str.includes("hello"));  // true
console.log(str.includes("world"));  // true
console.log(str.includes("bye"));    // false

You can also use the indexOf() method, which returns the index of the first occurrence of the substring within the string, or -1 if the substring is not found.

Example:

let str = "hello world";

console.log(str.indexOf("h"));      // 0
console.log(str.indexOf("world"));  // 6
console.log(str.indexOf("bye"));    // -1

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Uppercase

To convert a string to uppercase letters, use the toUpperCase() method. The method toUpperCase() returns a new string with all the characters in uppercase.

Example:

let str = "ironhack";

console.log(str.toUpperCase());  // "IRONHACK"

Lowercase

To convert a string to all lowercase letters, you can use the toLowerCase() method. This method returns a new string with all the characters in lowercase.

Example:

let str = "IRONHACK";

console.log(str.toLowerCase());  // "ironhack"

It's important to note that methods toUpperCase() and toLowerCase() do not modify the original string. They return a new string that has been converted to the desired case.

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You can use a for loop to iterate over the characters of the string and add them to a new string in reverse order.

Example:

let str = "drawer";
let reversed = "";

for (let i = str.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
  reversed += str[i];
}

console.log(reversed);  // "reward"

The above example uses a for loop to iterate over the characters of the str string in reverse order, starting at the last character and ending at the first character. On each iteration, it adds the current character to the reversed string.

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To create a multi-line string in JavaScript, you must use template literals. Template literals are string literals denoted with backticks (`). They allow you to embed expressions inside string values and create strings that span multiple lines.

Example:

let str = `This is an
example of a
multi-line string.`;

console.log(str);

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There are a couple of possible reasons why you may be unable to push changes to a Git repository:

1. You have not committed your changes: Before you can push your changes to the repository, you need to commit them using the git commit command. Make sure you have committed your changes and try pushing again. To do this, run the following terminal commands from the project folder:

git add .
git commit -m "Your commit message"
git push

2. You do not have permission to push to the repository: If you have cloned the repository directly from the main Ironhack repository without making a Fork first, you do not have write access to the repository. To check which remote repository you have cloned, run the following terminal command from the project folder:

git remote -v

If the link shown is the same as the main Ironhack repository, you will need to fork the repository to your GitHub account first and then clone your fork to your local machine to be able to push the changes.

Note: You should make a copy of your local code to avoid losing it in the process.

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