Transistor Tester based on ATmega328P

The ATmega328P Transitor Tester is a pocket-sized version of the famous component tester developed by Markus Frejek and Karl-Heinz Kübbeler featuring automatic detection of NPN and PNP bipolar transistors, N- and P-channel MOSFETs, JFETs, diodes, double diodes, N- and P-IGBTs, thyristors, triacs, inductors, resistors and capacitors.

• Project Video (YouTube): https://youtu.be/J4nZ0n5suDk
• Design Files (EasyEDA): https://easyeda.com/wagiminator/y-atmega-transistortester-smd
• Original Project: https://www.mikrocontroller.net/articles/AVR_Transistortester

Compiling and Installing Firmware

You can either compile the firmware yourself (folder: /software/sources), or you can upload the precompiled binary (folder: /software/binaries). Current versions of the firmware can be downloaded from the Github page of the original project.

Compiling Firmware (Linux/Mac)

• Make sure you have installed avr-gcc toolchain and avrdude.
• Open the makefile in the folder /software/sources/make and change the setting (e.g. language) if you want.
• Open a terminal.
• Navigate to the folder with the makefile.
• Run "make". Among others, the hex and eep files are generated, which can then be uploaded into the ATmega.

Uploading Firmware

• Make sure you have installed avrdude.
• Connect your programmer to your PC and to the ICSP header of the device.
• Open a terminal.
• Navigate to the folder with the hex and eep files.
• Execute the following commands (if necessary replace "usbasp" with the programmer you use):

  avrdude -c usbasp -p m328p -U lfuse:w:0xff:m -U hfuse:w:0xdb:m -U efuse:w:0xfd:m
  avrdude -c usbasp -p m328p -U flash:w:TransistorTester.hex
  avrdude -c usbasp -p m328p -U eeprom:w:TransistorTester.eep
  

Operating Instructions

Precautions

It should be noted that the test inputs do not have a protective circuit. A protective circuit would probably also falsify the measurement results. Always discharge the capacitors before connecting them to the tester! The tester can be damaged before you turn it on. Particular care should be taken when attempting to test components mounted on a circuit. In any case, the device should be disconnected from the power supply and you should be sure that there is no residual voltage.

Testing a Component

1. Connect the Transistor Tester via the Micro-USB port to a 5V power supply.
2. Plug the component to be tested into the socket row. Each pin of the component should have its unique socket number (1 to 3).
3. Press the TEST button and wait for the result shown on the OLED display.

Characteristics

• One-key-operation.
• Three test pins for universal use.
• Automated detection of NPN, PNP, N- and P-channel MOSFET, JFET, diodes und small thyristors, TRIAC.
• Automated detection of pin assignment, this means the device-under-test can be connected to the tester in any order.
• Measurement of hFE and base-emitter-voltage for bipolar junction transistors, also for Darlingtons.
• Automated detection of protection diodes in bipolar junction transistors and MOSFETs.
• Bipolar junction transistors are detected as a transistor with a parasitic transistor (NPNp = NPN + parasitic PNP).
• Up to two resistors will be measured with a resolution down to 0.1Ω. The measurement range is up to 50 MΩ. Resistors below 10Ω will be measured with the ESR approach and a resolution of 0.01Ω. Beware: resolution is not accuracy!
• Capacitors in the range 35pF to 100mF can be measured with a resolution down to 1pF (0.01pF for capacitors with lower capacity than 100pF).
• Resistors and capacitors will be displayed with their respective symbol, pin number and value.
• Up to two diodes will also be displayed with their correctly aligned symbol, pin number and voltage drop.
• If it's a single diode, the parasitic capacitance and reverse current will also be measured.
• Inductances of 10µH to 20H can be detected and measured.
• A measurement of ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) of capacitors greater than 20nF is built in. The resolution is 0.01Ω. For lower capacity values the accuracy of ESR result becomes worse.
• Vloss of capacitors greater 5nF is examined. With this it is possible to estimate its Q-factor.

References, Links and Notes

1. Original Project Description
2. Original Documentation
3. Original Firmware
4. 128x64 OLED on Aliexpress
5. MicroUSB Connector on Aliexpress