Explore ABAP syntax in a nutshell supported by executable demo examples.
Explore ABAP syntax in a nutshell & executable examples
How to Use
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Cheat Sheets
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Examples
ABAP cheat sheets[^1] ...
TEST_ABAP_CHEAT_SHEETS_CLASSIC
subpackage contains syntax relevant to Standard ABAP and that is not available in ABAP for Cloud Development, such as dynpro-related ABAP keywords.Cheat Sheet | Topics Covered | Demo Example |
---|---|---|
ABAP for Cloud Development | Briefly outlines the terms ABAP Cloud and classic ABAP to set the context for ABAP for Cloud Development | zcl_demo_abap_cloud_excursion (see the notes in the cheat sheet) |
Data Types and Data Objects | Contains basic information about data types and data objects in ABAP | zcl_demo_abap_dtype_dobj |
Internal Tables | Creating, filling, reading from, sorting, modifying internal tables | zcl_demo_abap_internal_tables |
Structures | Some basics when working with structures | zcl_demo_abap_structures |
ABAP SQL | Reading from database tables using SELECT , changing data in database tables using INSERT , UPDATE , MODIFY and DELETE |
zcl_demo_abap_sql |
ABAP Object Orientation | Working with objects and components, concepts such as inheritance, interfaces, and more | zcl_demo_abap_objects |
Constructor Expressions | Covers constructor expressions with operators such as VALUE , CORRESPONDING , NEW , CONV , EXACT , REF , CAST , COND , SWITCH , FILTER , REDUCE , iteration expressions with FOR , LET expressions |
zcl_demo_abap_constructor_expr |
Dynamic Programming | Covers field symbols and data references as supporting elements for dynamic programming, dynamic ABAP syntax components, runtime type services (RTTS), i. e. runtime type identification (RTTI) and runtime type creation (RTTC) | zcl_demo_abap_dynamic_prog |
String Processing | Creating strings and assigning values, chaining strings, string templates, concatenating, splitting, modifying strings, searching and replacing, regular expressions | zcl_demo_abap_string_proc |
ABAP for RAP: Entity Manipulation Language (ABAP EML) | Setting EML in the context of RAP, standard (create, read, update, delete) and non-standard operations (actions) |
|
Excursion Down to Bits and Bytes | Covers the technical background of data types and data objects | - |
ABAP SQL: Working with Hierarchies | Summarizes the functions ABAP SQL offers together with ABAP CDS for working with hierarchical data that is stored in database tables | - |
Internal Tables: Grouping | Covers the GROUP BY clause in statements for internal tables. |
zcl_demo_abap_sql_group_by |
ABAP Managed Database Procedures (AMDP) | Covers ABAP Managed Database Procedures (AMDP): AMDP Procedures and AMDP Functions (including CDS Table Functions) | zcl_demo_abap_amdp |
Program Flow Logic | Deals with control structures (IF , CASE ), loops (DO , WHILE ) and exception handling |
zcl_demo_abap_prog_flow_logic |
ABAP Unit Tests | Contains basic information about unit testing in ABAP | zcl_demo_abap_unit_test |
CDS View Entities | Note that cheat sheet content is available in this blog. The focus here is on the example CDS artifacts and the executable example class, which include comments. | zcl_demo_abap_cds_ve |
SAP LUW | Provides a high-level overview of the SAP LUW concept that deals with data consistency with a focus on SAP LUW-related statements ๐ก Several statements covered in the cheat sheet and the executable example are only relevant to classic ABAP. |
Program ZDEMO_ABAP_SAP_LUW |
Dynpro | Provides a high-level overview of dynpro topics with a focus on dynpro-related statements ๐ก The content of this cheat sheet and the executable example are only relevant to classic ABAP. |
Program ZDEMO_ABAP_DYNPRO |
Selection Screens and Classic Lists | Provides a high-level overview of selection screens and classic lists with a focus on related statements. It includes an excursion into the SAP List Viewer (ALV). ๐ก The content of this cheat sheet and the executable examples are only relevant to classic ABAP. |
Program ZDEMO_ABAP_SELSCR_LISTS_INTRO (the "intro" program, from which the other related example programs can be started) |
Working with XML and JSON in ABAP | Covers processing XML using class libraries, XML transformations using XSLT and Simple Transformations (ST), serializations (ABAP to XML) and deserializations (XML to ABAP), dealing with JSON data | zcl_demo_abap_xml_json |
Misc ABAP Classes | Contains a selection of ABAP classes, serving as a quick introduction, along with code snippets to explore the functionality in action | - |
Date, Time, and Time Stamp | Covers how to handle and process dates, times, and time stamps in ABAP | zcl_demo_abap_date_time |
Misc Built-In Functions | Covers a variety of built-in functions in ABAP | - |
The main focus of the ABAP Cheat Sheets is ABAP Cloud. The examples in the main branch of the repository are designed to be imported into the SAP BTP ABAP environment. For classic ABAP, you can find examples in the other branches of the repository that you can import into your sandbox SAP system. Just select the appropriate version (v757 stands for ABAP version 7.57). Check the information in the following collapsible sections for your system environment and perform the required steps.
Prerequisites
ZCL_DEMO_ABAP*
, for example, so that you do not run into errors when you try to import the code. If someone has already imported the content into the system, you can simply check out that imported version and proceed to the step 3) Run the code.Import Code
Use the abapGit plug-in to install the ABAP Cheat Sheets by carrying out the following steps:
In your ABAP cloud project, create a package, for example, ZABAP_CHEAT_SHEETS as the target package. It is recommended that you assign the package to a transport request that is suitable for demo content.
Add the package to the Favorite Packages in the Project Explorer view in ADT.
To add the abapGit Repositories view to the ABAP perspective, choose Window โ Show View โ Other... from the menu bar and choose abapGit Repositories.
In the abapGit Repositories view, click the +
icon in the upper right corner of the ADT tab to link a new abapGit repository.
The Link abapGit Repository popup appears. Enter the following URL:
https://github.com/SAP-samples/abap-cheat-sheets.git
Choose Next.
On the Branch and Package Selection screen, enter the name of the created package (for example, ZABAP_CHEAT_SHEETS) in the Package field.
Choose Next.
On the Select Transport Request screen, select the created transport request that is suitable for the demo content and choose Finish to link the Git repository to your ABAP cloud project. If the created package is already assigned to a transport request for the demo content, and a message appears that an object is already locked in a transport request, choose Finish, too.
In the abapGit Repositories view, filter for your package. The repository appears in the abapGit Repositories view with the status Linked.
Right-click on the new abapGit repository and choose Pull... to start the cloning of the repository contents.
On the Branch and Package Selection screen, choose Next.
If the Locally Modified Object screen is displayed, select the objects (for example, the package to automatically select all artifacts) from the list and choose Next.
On the next screen, select a transport request and choose Finish. Same as above, if an object already locked message is displayed, choose Finish as well. The status in the abapGit Repositories view changes to Pull running.... Note that the pull run may take several minutes.
Once the cloning is complete, the status changes to Pulled Successfully. You may need to refresh the abapGit Repositories view to see the progress of the import. To do this, choose the Refresh icon in the upper right corner of the view.
Refresh your project tree. For example, in ADT, right-click the package and choose Refresh. The package should contain all the artifacts from the GitHub repository.
Make sure that all artifacts are active. To activate all inactive development objects, choose the Activate all inactive ABAP development objects button from the menu (or choose CTRL+Shift+F3).
Prerequisites
sy-saprl
:
DATA rel LIKE sy-saprl.
rel = sy-saprl.
BREAK-POINT.
Import Code
Use the standalone version of the abapGit report to import the demo examples of the ABAP cheat sheets by performing the following steps:
Git Repository URL:
https://github.com/SAP-samples/abap-cheat-sheets.git
Package: Your demo package, for example, TEST_ABAP_CHEAT_SHEETS
Branch: Choose the button with the 3 dots to the right of the input field. In the pop-up window, select the appropriate branch, e.g. v757 if your ABAP release is 7.57, and choose the Continue (โ๏ธ) button. Note: The examples in the main branch are for ABAP Cloud only.
Folder Logic: Full
๐ก Note
- Check the notes on the context and the ABAP syntax used that are included as comments in the class.
- Due to the amount of output in the console, the examples include numbers (e.g. 1) ..., 2) ..., 3) ...) that represent the headers of each example code section. Also, in most cases, the variable name is displayed in the console. Therefore, to find the relevant output in the console more easily and quickly, simply search the console for the number (e.g. search for 3) for the particular output) or variable name (CTRL+F in the console), or use breakpoints in the code to check variables in the debugger.
- You may want to clear the console by right-clicking in the console and choosing Clear before running another demo class to avoid confusing the output of multiple classes.
ORDER BY
clause, or messages regarding using SELECT *
, the code deliberately avoids pragmas and pseudo comments in order to focus on the available ABAP syntax. See also the Disclaimer....source.xml
files (zdemo_abap_st_carrhtml, zdemo_abap_st_strhtml, zdemo_abap_xslt_fl) into the improperly imported objects and activate all non-active objects.For the system-internal version of the ABAP Keyword Documentation in
ABAPDOCU
(opens the documentation directly) and ABAPHELP
(opens an input field with which you can search the documentation content, for example, you can search for a keyword such as SELECT
). Or, of course, choose F1
on a keyword in your code. If you are in the SAP GUI (e.g. in SE80
), the system-internal version opens. If you are in ADT, the documentation opens in the ABAP Language Help view.F1
on a keyword in your code, the documentation opens there.Links to the online version of the ABAP Keyword Documentation for:
For demonstration examples of the ABAP Keyword Documentation in classic ABAP, see the SABAPDEMOS
package. This package contains all the examples used in the ABAP Keyword Documentation. For the context, class/program name, etc., see the example page, which is also available in the system-internal SAP GUI version as a node in the topic tree and which summarizes the executable examples. Of course, you can also find the example topics in the context of the individual topic of the ABAP keyword documentation. The example topics are marked with a โ๏ธ icon:
The code examples presented in this repository are only syntax examples and are not intended for direct use in a production system environment. The code examples are primarily intended to provide a better explanation and visualization of the syntax and semantics of ABAP statements and not to solve concrete programming tasks. For production application programs, a dedicated solution should therefore always be worked out for each individual case. There is no guarantee for either the correctness or the completeness of the code. In addition, there is no legal responsibility or liability for possible errors or their consequences, which occur through the use of the example code.
This is not intended to be a contribution repository, so please do not create pull requests. If you like to address issues or suggestions regarding additional syntax to be covered, please create an issue. However, this project is provided "as-is": there is no guarantee that raised issues will be answered or addressed in future releases.
Copyright (c) 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. This project is licensed under the Apache Software License, version 2.0 except as noted otherwise in the LICENSE file.
[^1]: "A written [...] aid (such as a sheet of notes) that can be referred to for help in understanding or remembering something complex" (Definition for "cheat sheet" in Merriam-Webster Dictionary).