An implementation of the Grammar of Graphics in R
This is a small patch release mainly intended to address changes in R and CRAN. It further changes the licensing model of ggplot2 to an MIT license.
all.equal() defaults in R >4.0.3This is a small release focusing on fixing regressions introduced in 3.3.1.
Added an outside option to annotation_logticks() that places tick marks
outside of the plot bounds. (#3783, @kbodwin)
annotation_raster() adds support for native rasters. For large rasters,
native rasters render significantly faster than arrays (@kent37, #3388)
Facet strips now have dedicated position-dependent theme elements
(strip.text.x.top, strip.text.x.bottom, strip.text.y.left,
strip.text.y.right) that inherit from strip.text.x and strip.text.y,
respectively. As a consequence, some theme stylings now need to be applied to
the position-dependent elements rather than to the parent elements. This
change was already introduced in ggplot2 3.3.0 but not listed in the
changelog. (@thomasp85, #3683)
Facets now handle layers containing no data (@yutannihilation, #3853).
A newly added geom geom_density_2d_filled() and associated stat
stat_density_2d_filled() can draw filled density contours
(@clauswilke, #3846).
A newly added geom_function() is now recommended to use in conjunction
with/instead of stat_function(). In addition, stat_function() now
works with transformed y axes, e.g. scale_y_log10(), and in plots
containing no other data or layers (@clauswilke, #3611, #3905, #3983).
Fixed a bug in geom_sf() that caused problems with legend-type
autodetection (@clauswilke, #3963).
Support graphics devices that use the file argument instead of fileneame
in ggsave() (@bwiernik, #3810)
Default discrete color scales are now configurable through the options() of
ggplot2.discrete.colour and ggplot2.discrete.fill. When set to a character
vector of colour codes (or list of character vectors) with sufficient length,
these colours are used for the default scale. See help(scale_colour_discrete)
for more details and examples (@cpsievert, #3833).
Default continuous colour scales (i.e., the options()
ggplot2.continuous.colour and ggplot2.continuous.fill, which inform the
type argument of scale_fill_continuous() and scale_colour_continuous())
now accept a function, which allows more control over these default
continuous_scale()s (@cpsievert, #3827).
A bug was fixed in stat_contour() when calculating breaks based on
the bins argument (@clauswilke, #3879, #4004).
Data columns can now contain Vector S4 objects, which are widely used in the
Bioconductor project. (@teunbrand, #3837)
This is a small release with no code change. It removes all malicious links to a site that got hijacked from the readme and pkgdown site.
This is a minor release but does contain a range of substantial new features,
along with the standard bug fixes. The release contains a few visual breaking
changes, along with breaking changes for extension developers due to a shift in
internal representation of the position scales and their axes. No user breaking
changes are included.
This release also adds Dewey Dunnington (@paleolimbot) to the core team.
There are no user-facing breaking changes, but a change in some internal
representations that extension developers may have relied on, along with a few
breaking visual changes which may cause visual tests in downstream packages to
fail.
The panel_params field in the Layout now contains a list of list of
ViewScale objects, describing the trained coordinate system scales, instead
of the list object used before. Any extensions that use this field will likely
break, as will unit tests that checks aspects of this.
element_text() now issues a warning when vectorized arguments are provided,
as in colour = c("red", "green", "blue"). Such use is discouraged and not
officially supported (@clauswilke, #3492).
Changed theme_grey() setting for legend key so that it creates no border
(NA) rather than drawing a white one. (@annennenne, #3180)
geom_ribbon() now draws separate lines for the upper and lower intervals if
colour is mapped. Similarly, geom_area() and geom_density() now draw
the upper lines only in the same case by default. If you want old-style full
stroking, use outline.type = "full" (@yutannihilation, #3503 / @thomasp85, #3708).
The evaluation time of aesthetics can now be controlled to a finer degree.
after_stat() supersedes the use of stat() and ..var..-notation, and is
joined by after_scale() to allow for mapping to scaled aesthetic values.
Remapping of the same aesthetic is now supported with stage(), so you can
map a data variable to a stat aesthetic, and remap the same aesthetic to
something else after statistical transformation (@thomasp85, #3534)
All coord_*() functions with xlim and ylim arguments now accept
vectors with NA as a placeholder for the minimum or maximum value
(e.g., ylim = c(0, NA) would zoom the y-axis from 0 to the
maximum value observed in the data). This mimics the behaviour
of the limits argument in continuous scale functions
(@paleolimbot, #2907).
Allowed reversing of discrete scales by re-writing get_limits()
(@AnneLyng, #3115)
All geoms and stats that had a direction (i.e. where the x and y axes had
different interpretation), can now freely choose their direction, instead of
relying on coord_flip(). The direction is deduced from the aesthetic
mapping, but can also be specified directly with the new orientation
argument (@thomasp85, #3506).
Position guides can now be customized using the new guide_axis(), which can
be passed to position scale_*() functions or via guides(). The new axis
guide (guide_axis()) comes with arguments check.overlap (automatic removal
of overlapping labels), angle (easy rotation of axis labels), and
n.dodge (dodge labels into multiple rows/columns) (@paleolimbot, #3322).
A new scale type has been added, that allows binning of aesthetics at the
scale level. It has versions for both position and non-position aesthetics and
comes with two new guides (guide_bins and guide_coloursteps)
(@thomasp85, #3096)
scale_x_continuous() and scale_y_continuous() gains an n.breaks argument
guiding the number of automatic generated breaks (@thomasp85, #3102)
Added stat_contour_filled() and geom_contour_filled(), which compute
and draw filled contours of gridded data (@paleolimbot, #3044).
geom_contour() and stat_contour() now use the isoband package
to compute contour lines. The complete parameter (which was undocumented
and has been unused for at least four years) was removed (@paleolimbot, #3044).
Themes have gained two new parameters, plot.title.position and
plot.caption.position, that can be used to customize how plot
title/subtitle and plot caption are positioned relative to the overall plot
(@clauswilke, #3252).
Geom now gains a setup_params() method in line with the other ggproto
classes (@thomasp85, #3509)
The newly added function register_theme_elements() now allows developers
of extension packages to define their own new theme elements and place them
into the ggplot2 element tree (@clauswilke, #2540).
coord_trans() now draws second axes and accepts xlim, ylim,
and expand arguments to bring it up to feature parity with
coord_cartesian(). The xtrans and ytrans arguments that were
deprecated in version 1.0.1 in favour of x and y
were removed (@paleolimbot, #2990).
coord_trans() now calculates breaks using the expanded range
(previously these were calculated using the unexpanded range,
which resulted in differences between plots made with coord_trans()
and those made with coord_cartesian()). The expansion for discrete axes
in coord_trans() was also updated such that it behaves identically
to that in coord_cartesian() (@paleolimbot, #3338).
expand_scale() was deprecated in favour of expansion() for setting
the expand argument of x and y scales (@paleolimbot).
geom_abline(), geom_hline(), and geom_vline() now issue
more informative warnings when supplied with set aesthetics
(i.e., slope, intercept, yintercept, and/or xintercept)
and mapped aesthetics (i.e., data and/or mapping).
Fix a bug in geom_raster() that squeezed the image when it went outside
scale limits (#3539, @thomasp85)
geom_sf() now determines the legend type automatically (@microly, #3646).
geom_sf() now removes rows that can't be plotted due to NA aesthetics
(#3546, @thomasp85)
geom_sf() now applies alpha to linestring geometries
(#3589, @yutannihilation).
gg_dep() was deprecated (@perezp44, #3382).
Added function ggplot_add.by() for lists created with by(), allowing such
lists to be added to ggplot objects (#2734, @Maschette)
ggplot2 no longer depends on reshape2, which means that it no longer
(recursively) needs plyr, stringr, or stringi packages.
Increase the default nbin of guide_colourbar() to place the ticks more
precisely (#3508, @yutannihilation).
manual_scale() now matches values with the order of breaks whenever
values is an unnamed vector. Previously, unnamed values would match with
the limits of the scale and ignore the order of any breaks provided. Note
that this may change the appearance of plots that previously relied on the
unordered behaviour (#2429, @idno0001).
scale_manual_*(limits = ...) now actually limits the scale (#3262,
@yutannihilation).
Fix a bug when show.legend is a named logical vector
(#3461, @yutannihilation).
Added weight aesthetic option to stat_density() and made scaling of
weights the default (@annennenne, #2902)
stat_density2d() can now take an adjust parameter to scale the default
bandwidth. (#2860, @haleyjeppson)
stat_smooth() uses REML by default, if method = "gam" and
gam's method is not specified (@ikosmidis, #2630).
stacking text when calculating the labels and the y axis with
stat_summary() now works (@ikosmidis, #2709)
stat_summary() and related functions now support rlang-style lambda functions
(#3568, @dkahle).
The data mask pronoun, .data, is now stripped from default labels.
Addition of partial themes to plots has been made more predictable; stepwise addition of individual partial themes is now equivalent to addition of multple theme elements at once (@clauswilke, #3039).
Facets now don't fail even when some variable in the spec are not available in all layers (@yutannihilation, #2963).
This is a patch release fixing a few regressions introduced in 3.2.0 as well as fixing some unit tests that broke due to upstream changes.
position_stack() no longer changes the order of the input data. Changes to
the internal behaviour of geom_ribbon() made this reordering problematic
with ribbons that spanned y = 0 (#3471)qplot() with a single positional aesthetic will no longer title the
non-specified scale as "NULL" (#3473)This is a minor release with an emphasis on internal changes to make ggplot2 faster and more consistent. The few interface changes will only affect the aesthetics of the plot in minor ways, and will only potentially break code of extension developers if they have relied on internals that have been changed. This release also sees the addition of Hiroaki Yutani (@yutannihilation) to the core developer team.
With the release of R 3.6, ggplot2 now requires the R version to be at least 3.2, as the tidyverse is committed to support 5 major versions of R.
Two patches (#2996 and #3050) fixed minor rendering problems. In most cases, the visual changes are so subtle that they are difficult to see with the naked eye. However, these changes are detected by the vdiffr package, and therefore any package developers who use vdiffr to test for visual correctness of ggplot2 plots will have to regenerate all reference images.
In some cases, ggplot2 now produces a warning or an error for code that previously
produced plot output. In all these cases, the previous plot output was accidental,
and the plotting code uses the ggplot2 API in a way that would lead to undefined
behavior. Examples include a missing group aesthetic in geom_boxplot() (#3316),
annotations across multiple facets (#3305), and not using aesthetic mappings when
drawing ribbons with geom_ribbon() (#3318).
This release includes a range of internal changes that speeds up plot generation. None of the changes are user facing and will not break any code, but in general ggplot2 should feel much faster. The changes includes, but are not limited to:
Caching ascent and descent dimensions of text to avoid recalculating it for every title.
Using a faster data.frame constructor as well as faster indexing into data.frames
Removing the plyr dependency, replacing plyr functions with faster equivalents.
geom_polygon() can now draw polygons with holes using the new subgroup
aesthetic. This functionality requires R 3.6.0 (@thomasp85, #3128)
Aesthetic mappings now accept functions that return NULL (@yutannihilation,
#2997).
stat_function() now accepts rlang/purrr style anonymous functions for the
fun parameter (@dkahle, #3159).
geom_rug() gains an "outside" option to allow for moving the rug tassels to
outside the plot area (@njtierney, #3085) and a length option to allow for
changing the length of the rug lines (@daniel-wells, #3109).
All geoms now take a key_glyph paramter that allows users to customize
how legend keys are drawn (@clauswilke, #3145). In addition, a new key glyph
timeseries is provided to draw nice legends for time series
(@mitchelloharawild, #3145).
Layers now have a new member function setup_layer() which is called at the
very beginning of the plot building process and which has access to the
original input data and the plot object being built. This function allows the
creation of custom layers that autogenerate aesthetic mappings based on the
input data or that filter the input data in some form. For the time being, this
feature is not exported, but it has enabled the development of a new layer type,
layer_sf() (see next item). Other special-purpose layer types may be added
in the future (@clauswilke, #2872).
A new layer type layer_sf() can auto-detect and auto-map sf geometry
columns in the data. It should be used by extension developers who are writing
new sf-based geoms or stats (@clauswilke, #3232).
x0 and y0 are now recognized positional aesthetics so they will get scaled
if used in extension geoms and stats (@thomasp85, #3168)
Continuous scale limits now accept functions which accept the default limits and return adjusted limits. This makes it possible to write a function that e.g. ensures the limits are always a multiple of 100, regardless of the data (@econandrew, #2307).
cut_width() now accepts ... to pass further arguments to base::cut.default()
like cut_number() and cut_interval() already did (@cderv, #3055)
coord_map() now can have axes on the top and right (@karawoo, #3042).
coord_polar() now correctly rescales the secondary axis (@linzi-sg, #3278)
coord_sf(), coord_map(), and coord_polar() now squash -Inf and Inf
into the min and max of the plot (@yutannihilation, #2972).
coord_sf() graticule lines are now drawn in the same thickness as panel grid
lines in coord_cartesian(), and seting panel grid lines to element_blank()
now also works in coord_sf()
(@clauswilke, #2991, #2525).
economics data has been regenerated. This leads to some changes in the
values of all columns (especially in psavert), but more importantly, strips
the grouping attributes from economics_long.
element_line() now fills closed arrows (@yutannihilation, #2924).
Facet strips on the left side of plots now have clipping turned on, preventing text from running out of the strip and borders from looking thicker than for other strips (@karawoo, #2772 and #3061).
ggplot2 now works in Turkish locale (@yutannihilation, #3011).
Clearer error messages for inappropriate aesthetics (@clairemcwhite, #3060).
ggplot2 no longer attaches any external packages when using functions that
depend on packages that are suggested but not imported by ggplot2. The
affected functions include geom_hex(), stat_binhex(),
stat_summary_hex(), geom_quantile(), stat_quantile(), and map_data()
(@clauswilke, #3126).
geom_area() and geom_ribbon() now sort the data along the x-axis in the
setup_data() method rather than as part of draw_group() (@thomasp85,
#3023)
geom_hline(), geom_vline(), and geom_abline() now throw a warning if the
user supplies both an xintercept, yintercept, or slope value and a
mapping (@RichardJActon, #2950).
geom_rug() now works with coord_flip() (@has2k1, #2987).
geom_violin() no longer throws an error when quantile lines fall outside
the violin polygon (@thomasp85, #3254).
guide_legend() and guide_colorbar() now use appropriate spacing between legend
key glyphs and legend text even if the legend title is missing (@clauswilke, #2943).
Default labels are now generated more consistently; e.g., symbols no longer
get backticks, and long expressions are abbreviated with ...
(@yutannihilation, #2981).
All-Inf layers are now ignored for picking the scale (@yutannihilation,
#3184).
Diverging Brewer colour palette now use the correct mid-point colour (@dariyasydykova, #3072).
scale_color_continuous() now points to scale_colour_continuous() so that
it will handle type = "viridis" as the documentation states (@hlendway,
#3079).
scale_shape_identity() now works correctly with guide = "legend"
(@malcolmbarrett, #3029)
scale_continuous will now draw axis line even if the length of breaks is 0
(@thomasp85, #3257)
stat_bin() will now error when the number of bins exceeds 1e6 to avoid
accidentally freezing the user session (@thomasp85).
sec_axis() now places ticks accurately when using nonlinear transformations (@dpseidel, #2978).
facet_wrap() and facet_grid() now automatically remove NULL from facet
specs, and accept empty specs (@yutannihilation, #3070, #2986).
stat_bin() now handles data with only one unique value (@yutannihilation
#3047).
sec_axis() now accepts functions as well as formulas (@yutannihilation, #3031).
New theme elements allowing different ticks lengths for each axis. For instance,
this can be used to have inwards ticks on the x-axis (axis.ticks.length.x) and
outwards ticks on the y-axis (axis.ticks.length.y) (@pank, #2935).
The arguments of Stat*$compute_layer() and Position*$compute_layer() are
now renamed to always match the ones of Stat$compute_layer() and
Position$compute_layer() (@yutannihilation, #3202).
geom_*() and stat_*() now accepts purrr-style lambda notation
(@yutannihilation, #3138).
geom_tile() and geom_rect() now draw rectangles without notches at the
corners. The style of the corner can be controlled by linejoin parameters
(@yutannihilation, #3050).
This is a minor release with internal code changes to support the coming changes in the grid unit specification. This release includes no new features and no breaking changes
This is a minor release and breaking changes have been kept to a minimum. End users of ggplot2 are unlikely to encounter any issues. However, there are a few items that developers of ggplot2 extensions should be aware of. For additional details, see also the discussion accompanying issue #2890.
In non-user-facing internal code (specifically in the aes() function and in
the aesthetics argument of scale functions), ggplot2 now always uses the British
spelling for aesthetics containing the word "colour". When users specify a "color"
aesthetic it is automatically renamed to "colour". This renaming is also applied
to non-standard aesthetics that contain the word "color". For example, "point_color"
is renamed to "point_colour". This convention makes it easier to support both
British and American spelling for novel, non-standard aesthetics, but it may require
some adjustment for packages that have previously introduced non-standard color
aesthetics using American spelling. A new function standardise_aes_names() is
provided in case extension writers need to perform this renaming in their own code
(@clauswilke, #2649).
Functions that generate other functions (closures) now force the arguments that are
used from the generated functions, to avoid hard-to-catch errors. This may affect
some users of manual scales (such as scale_colour_manual(), scale_fill_manual(),
etc.) who depend on incorrect behavior (@krlmlr, #2807).
Coord objects now have a function backtransform_range() that returns the
panel range in data coordinates. This change may affect developers of custom coords,
who now should implement this function. It may also affect developers of custom
geoms that use the range() function. In some applications, backtransform_range()
may be more appropriate (@clauswilke, #2821).
coord_sf() has much improved customization of axis tick labels. Labels can now
be set manually, and there are two new parameters, label_graticule and
label_axes, that can be used to specify which graticules to label on which side
of the plot (@clauswilke, #2846, #2857, #2881).
Two new geoms geom_sf_label() and geom_sf_text() can draw labels and text
on sf objects. Under the hood, a new stat_sf_coordinates() calculates the
x and y coordinates from the coordinates of the sf geometries. You can customize
the calculation method via fun.geometry argument (@yutannihilation, #2761).
benchplot() now uses tidy evaluation (@dpseidel, #2699).
The error message in compute_aesthetics() now only provides the names of
aesthetics with mismatched lengths, rather than all aesthetics (@karawoo,
#2853).
For faceted plots, data is no longer internally reordered. This makes it
safer to feed data columns into aes() or into parameters of geoms or
stats. However, doing so remains discouraged (@clauswilke, #2694).
coord_sf() now also understands the clip argument, just like the other
coords (@clauswilke, #2938).
fortify() now displays a more informative error message for
grouped_df() objects when dplyr is not installed (@jimhester, #2822).
All geom_*() now display an informative error message when required
aesthetics are missing (@dpseidel, #2637 and #2706).
geom_boxplot() now understands the width parameter even when used with
a non-standard stat, such as stat_identity() (@clauswilke, #2893).
geom_hex() now understands the size and linetype aesthetics
(@mikmart, #2488).
geom_hline(), geom_vline(), and geom_abline() now work properly
with coord_trans() (@clauswilke, #2149, #2812).
geom_text(..., parse = TRUE) now correctly renders the expected number of
items instead of silently dropping items that are empty expressions, e.g.
the empty string "". If an expression spans multiple lines, we take just
the first line and drop the rest. This same issue is also fixed for
geom_label() and the axis labels for geom_sf() (@slowkow, #2867).
geom_sf() now respects lineend, linejoin, and linemitre parameters
for lines and polygons (@alistaire47, #2826).
ggsave() now exits without creating a new graphics device if previously
none was open (@clauswilke, #2363).
labs() now has named arguments title, subtitle, caption, and tag.
Also, labs() now accepts tidyeval (@yutannihilation, #2669).
position_nudge() is now more robust and nudges only in the direction
requested. This enables, for example, the horizontal nudging of boxplots
(@clauswilke, #2733).
sec_axis() and dup_axis() now return appropriate breaks for the secondary
axis when applied to log transformed scales (@dpseidel, #2729).
sec_axis() now works as expected when used in combination with tidy eval
(@dpseidel, #2788).
scale_*_date(), scale_*_time() and scale_*_datetime() can now display
a secondary axis that is a one-to-one transformation of the primary axis,
implemented using the sec.axis argument to the scale constructor
(@dpseidel, #2244).
stat_contour(), stat_density2d(), stat_bin2d(), stat_binhex()
now calculate normalized statistics including nlevel, ndensity, and
ncount. Also, stat_density() now includes the calculated statistic
nlevel, an alias for scaled, to better match the syntax of stat_bin()
(@bjreisman, #2679).
ggplot2 now supports/uses tidy evaluation (as described below). This is a major change and breaks a number of packages; we made this breaking change because it is important to make ggplot2 more programmable, and to be more consistent with the rest of the tidyverse. The best general (and detailed) introduction to tidy evaluation can be found in the meta programming chapters in Advanced R.
The primary developer facing change is that aes() now contains
quosures (expression + environment pairs) rather than symbols, and you'll
need to take a different approach to extracting the information you need.
A common symptom of this change are errors "undefined columns selected" or
"invalid 'type' (list) of argument" (#2610). As in the previous version,
constants (like aes(x = 1) or aes(colour = "smoothed")) are stored
as is.
In this version of ggplot2, if you need to describe a mapping in a string,
use quo_name() (to generate single-line strings; longer expressions may
be abbreviated) or quo_text() (to generate non-abbreviated strings that
may span multiple lines). If you do need to extract the value of a variable
instead use rlang::eval_tidy(). You may want to condition on
(packageVersion("ggplot2") <= "2.2.1") so that your code can work with
both released and development versions of ggplot2.
We recognise that this is a big change and if you're not already familiar with rlang, there's a lot to learn. If you are stuck, or need any help, please reach out on https://community.rstudio.com.
Error: Column y must be a 1d atomic vector or a list
Internally, ggplot2 now uses as.data.frame(tibble::as_tibble(x)) to
convert a list into a data frame. This improves ggplot2's support for
list-columns (needed for sf support), at a small cost: you can no longer
use matrix-columns. Note that unlike tibble we still allow column vectors
such as returned by base::scale() because of their widespread use.
Error: More than one expression parsed
Previously aes_string(x = c("a", "b", "c")) silently returned
aes(x = a). Now this is a clear error.
Error: data must be uniquely named but has duplicate columns
If layer data contains columns with identical names an error will be thrown. In earlier versions the first occuring column was chosen silently, potentially masking that the wrong data was chosen.
Error: Aesthetics must be either length 1 or the same as the data
Layers are stricter about the columns they will combine into a single data frame. Each aesthetic now must be either the same length as the data frame or a single value. This makes silent recycling errors much less likely.
Error: coord_* doesn't support free scales
Free scales only work with selected coordinate systems; previously you'd get an incorrect plot.
Error in f(...) : unused argument (range = c(0, 1))
This is because the oob argument to scale has been set to a function
that only takes a single argument; it needs to take two arguments
(x, and range).
Error: unused argument (output)
The function guide_train() now has an optional parameter aesthetic
that allows you to override the aesthetic setting in the scale.
To make your code work with the both released and development versions of
ggplot2 appropriate, add aesthetic = NULL to the guide_train() method
signature.
# old
guide_train.legend <- function(guide, scale) {...}
# new
guide_train.legend <- function(guide, scale, aesthetic = NULL) {...}
Then, inside the function, replace scale$aesthetics[1],
aesthetic %||% scale$aesthetics[1]. (The %||% operator is defined in the
rlang package).
# old
setNames(list(scale$map(breaks)), scale$aesthetics[1])
# new
setNames(list(scale$map(breaks)), aesthetic %||% scale$aesthetics[1])
The long-deprecated subset argument to layer() has been removed.
aes() now supports quasiquotation so that you can use !!, !!!,
and :=. This replaces aes_() and aes_string() which are now
soft-deprecated (but will remain around for a long time).
facet_wrap() and facet_grid() now support vars() inputs. Like
dplyr::vars(), this helper quotes its inputs and supports
quasiquotation. For instance, you can now supply faceting variables
like this: facet_wrap(vars(am, cyl)) instead of
facet_wrap(~am + cyl). Note that the formula interface is not going
away and will not be deprecated. vars() is simply meant to make it
easier to create functions around facet_wrap() and facet_grid().
The first two arguments of facet_grid() become rows and cols
and now support vars() inputs. Note however that we took special
care to ensure complete backward compatibility. With this change
facet_grid(vars(cyl), vars(am, vs)) is equivalent to
facet_grid(cyl ~ am + vs), and facet_grid(cols = vars(am, vs)) is
equivalent to facet_grid(. ~ am + vs).
One nice aspect of the new interface is that you can now easily
supply names: facet_grid(vars(Cylinder = cyl), labeller = label_both) will give nice label titles to the facets. Of course,
those names can be unquoted with the usual tidy eval syntax.
ggplot2 now has full support for sf with geom_sf() and coord_sf():
nc <- sf::st_read(system.file("shape/nc.shp", package = "sf"), quiet = TRUE)
ggplot(nc) +
geom_sf(aes(fill = AREA))
It supports all simple features, automatically aligns CRS across layers, sets up the correct aspect ratio, and draws a graticule.
ggplot2 now works on R 3.1 onwards, and uses the vdiffr package for visual testing.
In most cases, accidentally using %>% instead of + will generate an
informative error (#2400).
New syntax for calculated aesthetics. Instead of using aes(y = ..count..)
you can (and should!) use aes(y = stat(count)). stat() is a real function
with documentation which hopefully will make this part of ggplot2 less
confusing (#2059).
stat() is particularly nice for more complex calculations because you
only need to specify it once: aes(y = stat(count / max(count))),
rather than aes(y = ..count.. / max(..count..))
New tag label for adding identification tags to plots, typically used for
labelling a subplot with a letter. Add a tag with labs(tag = "A"), style it
with the plot.tag theme element, and control position with the
plot.tag.position theme setting (@thomasp85).
geom_segment() and geom_curve() have a new arrow.fill parameter which
allows you to specify a separate fill colour for closed arrowheads
(@hrbrmstr and @clauswilke, #2375).
geom_point() and friends can now take shapes as strings instead of integers,
e.g. geom_point(shape = "diamond") (@daniel-barnett, #2075).
position_dodge() gains a preserve argument that allows you to control
whether the total width at each x value is preserved (the current
default), or ensure that the width of a single element is preserved
(what many people want) (#1935).
New position_dodge2() provides enhanced dodging for boxplots. Compared to
position_dodge(), position_dodge2() compares xmin and xmax values
to determine which elements overlap, and spreads overlapping elements evenly
within the region of overlap. position_dodge2() is now the default position
adjustment for geom_boxplot(), because it handles varwidth = TRUE, and
will be considered for other geoms in the future.
The padding parameter adds a small amount of padding between elements
(@karawoo, #2143) and a reverse parameter allows you to reverse the order
of placement (@karawoo, #2171).
New stat_qq_line() makes it easy to add a simple line to a Q-Q plot, which
makes it easier to judge the fit of the theoretical distribution
(@nicksolomon).
Improved support for mapping date/time variables to alpha, size, colour,
and fill aesthetics, including date_breaks and date_labels arguments
(@karawoo, #1526), and new scale_alpha() variants (@karawoo, #1526).
Improved support for ordered factors. Ordered factors throw a warning when mapped to shape (unordered factors do not), and do not throw warnings when mapped to size or alpha (unordered factors do). Viridis is used as the default colour and fill scale for ordered factors (@karawoo, #1526).
The expand argument of scale_*_continuous() and scale_*_discrete()
now accepts separate expansion values for the lower and upper range
limits. The expansion limits can be specified using the convenience
function expand_scale().
Separate expansion limits may be useful for bar charts, e.g. if one wants the bottom of the bars to be flush with the x axis but still leave some (automatically calculated amount of) space above them:
ggplot(mtcars) +
geom_bar(aes(x = factor(cyl))) +
scale_y_continuous(expand = expand_scale(mult = c(0, .1)))
It can also be useful for line charts, e.g. for counts over time, where one wants to have a ’hard’ lower limit of y = 0 but leave the upper limit unspecified (and perhaps differing between panels), with some extra space above the highest point on the line (with symmetrical limits, the extra space above the highest point could in some cases cause the lower limit to be negative).
The old syntax for the expand argument will, of course, continue
to work (@huftis, #1669).
scale_colour_continuous() and scale_colour_gradient() are now controlled
by global options ggplot2.continuous.colour and ggplot2.continuous.fill.
These can be set to "gradient" (the default) or "viridis" (@karawoo).
New scale_colour_viridis_c()/scale_fill_viridis_c() (continuous) and
scale_colour_viridis_d()/scale_fill_viridis_d() (discrete) make it
easy to use Viridis colour scales (@karawoo, #1526).
Guides for geom_text() now accept custom labels with
guide_legend(override.aes = list(label = "foo")) (@brianwdavis, #2458).
Strips gain margins on all sides by default. This means that to fully justify text to the edge of a strip, you will need to also set the margins to 0 (@karawoo).
Rotated strip labels now correctly understand hjust and vjust parameters
at all angles (@karawoo).
Strip labels now understand justification relative to the direction of the
text, meaning that in y facets, the strip text can be placed at either end of
the strip using hjust (@karawoo).
Legend titles and labels get a little extra space around them, which prevents legend titles from overlapping the legend at large font sizes (@karawoo, #1881).
New autolayer() S3 generic (@mitchelloharawild, #1974). This is similar
to autoplot() but produces layers rather than complete plots.
Custom objects can now be added using + if a ggplot_add method has been
defined for the class of the object (@thomasp85).
Theme elements can now be subclassed. Add a merge_element method to control
how properties are inherited from the parent element. Add an element_grob
method to define how elements are rendered into grobs (@thomasp85, #1981).
Coords have gained new extension mechanisms.
If you have an existing coord extension, you will need to revise the
specification of the train() method. It is now called
setup_panel_params() (better reflecting what it actually does) and now
has arguments scale_x, and scale_y (the x and y scales respectively)
and param, a list of plot specific parameters generated by
setup_params().
What was formerly called scale_details (in coords), panel_ranges
(in layout) and panel_scales (in geoms) are now consistently called
panel_params (#1311). These are parameters of the coord that vary from
panel to panel.
ggplot_build() and ggplot_gtable() are now generics, so ggplot-subclasses
can define additional behavior during the build stage.
guide_train(), guide_merge(), guide_geom(), and guide_gengrob()
are now exported as they are needed if you want to design your own guide.
They are not currently documented; use at your own risk (#2528).
scale_type() generic is now exported and documented. Use this if you
want to extend ggplot2 to work with a new type of vector.
facet_grid() gives a more informative error message if you try to use
a variable in both rows and cols (#1928).
facet_grid() and facet_wrap() both give better error messages if you
attempt to use an unsupported coord with free scales (#2049).
label_parsed() works once again (#2279).
You can now style the background of horizontal and vertical strips
independently with strip.background.x and strip.background.y
theme settings (#2249).
discrete_scale() documentation now inherits shared definitions from
continuous_scale() (@alistaire47, #2052).
guide_colorbar() shows all colours of the scale (@has2k1, #2343).
scale_identity() once again produces legends by default (#2112).
Tick marks for secondary axes with strong transformations are more accurately placed (@thomasp85, #1992).
Missing line types now reliably generate missing lines (with standard warning) (#2206).
Legends now ignore set aesthetics that are not length one (#1932).
All colour and fill scales now have an aesthetics argument that can
be used to set the aesthetic(s) the scale works with. This makes it
possible to apply a colour scale to both colour and fill aesthetics
at the same time, via aesthetics = c("colour", "fill") (@clauswilke).
Three new generic scales work with any aesthetic or set of aesthetics:
scale_continuous_identity(), scale_discrete_identity(), and
scale_discrete_manual() (@clauswilke).
scale_*_gradient2() now consistently omits points outside limits by
rescaling after the limits are enforced (@foo-bar-baz-qux, #2230).
geom_label() now correctly produces unbordered labels when label.size
is 0, even when saving to PDF (@bfgray3, #2407).
layer() gives considerably better error messages for incorrectly specified
geom, stat, or position (#2401).
In all layers that use it, linemitre now defaults to 10 (instead of 1)
to better match base R.
geom_boxplot() now supplies a default value if no x aesthetic is present
(@foo-bar-baz-qux, #2110).
geom_density() drops groups with fewer than two data points and throws a
warning. For groups with two data points, density values are now calculated
with stats::density (@karawoo, #2127).
geom_segment() now also takes a linejoin parameter. This allows more
control over the appearance of the segments, which is especially useful for
plotting thick arrows (@Ax3man, #774).
geom_smooth() now reports the formula used when method = "auto"
(@davharris #1951). geom_smooth() now orders by the x aesthetic, making it
easier to pass pre-computed values without manual ordering (@izahn, #2028). It
also now knows it has ymin and ymax aesthetics (#1939). The legend
correctly reflects the status of the se argument when used with stats
other than the default (@clauswilke, #1546).
geom_tile() now once again interprets width and height correctly
(@malcolmbarrett, #2510).
position_jitter() and position_jitterdodge() gain a seed argument that
allows the specification of a random seed for reproducible jittering
(@krlmlr, #1996 and @slowkow, #2445).
stat_density() has better behaviour if all groups are dropped because they
are too small (#2282).
stat_summary_bin() now understands the breaks parameter (@karawoo, #2214).
stat_bin() now accepts functions for binwidth. This allows better binning
when faceting along variables with different ranges (@botanize).
stat_bin() and geom_histogram() now sum correctly when using the weight
aesthetic (@jiho, #1921).
stat_bin() again uses correct scaling for the computed variable ndensity
(@timgoodman, #2324).
stat_bin() and stat_bin_2d() now properly handle the breaks parameter
when the scales are transformed (@has2k1, #2366).
update_geom_defaults() and update_stat_defaults() allow American
spelling of aesthetic parameters (@foo-bar-baz-qux, #2299).
The show.legend parameter now accepts a named logical vector to hide/show
only some aesthetics in the legend (@tutuchan, #1798).
Layers now silently ignore unknown aesthetics with value NULL (#1909).
Clipping to the plot panel is now configurable, through a clip argument
to coordinate systems, e.g. coord_cartesian(clip = "off")
(@clauswilke, #2536).
Like scales, coordinate systems now give you a message when you're replacing an existing coordinate system (#2264).
coord_polar() now draws secondary axis ticks and labels
(@dylan-stark, #2072), and can draw the radius axis on the right
(@thomasp85, #2005).
coord_trans() now generates a warning when a transformation generates
non-finite values (@foo-bar-baz-qux, #2147).
Complete themes now always override all elements of the default theme (@has2k1, #2058, #2079).
Themes now set default grid colour in panel.grid rather than individually
in panel.grid.major and panel.grid.minor individually. This makes it
slightly easier to customise the theme (#2352).
Fixed bug when setting strips to element_blank() (@thomasp85).
Axes positioned on the top and to the right can now customize their ticks and lines separately (@thomasp85, #1899).
Built-in themes gain parameters base_line_size and base_rect_size which
control the default sizes of line and rectangle elements (@karawoo, #2176).
Default themes use rel() to set line widths (@baptiste).
Themes were tweaked for visual consistency and more graceful behavior when changing the base font size. All absolute heights or widths were replaced with heights or widths that are proportional to the base font size. One relative font size was eliminated (@clauswilke).
The height of descenders is now calculated solely on font metrics and doesn't change with the specific letters in the string. This fixes minor alignment issues with plot titles, subtitles, and legend titles (#2288, @clauswilke).
guide_colorbar() is more configurable: tick marks and color bar frame
can now by styled with arguments ticks.colour, ticks.linewidth,
frame.colour, frame.linewidth, and frame.linetype
(@clauswilke).
guide_colorbar() now uses legend.spacing.x and legend.spacing.y
correctly, and it can handle multi-line titles. Minor tweaks were made to
guide_legend() to make sure the two legend functions behave as similarly as
possible (@clauswilke, #2397 and #2398).
The theme elements legend.title and legend.text now respect the settings
of margin, hjust, and vjust (@clauswilke, #2465, #1502).
Non-angle parameters of label.theme or title.theme can now be set in
guide_legend() and guide_colorbar() (@clauswilke, #2544).
fortify() gains a method for tbls (@karawoo, #2218).
ggplot gains a method for grouped_dfs that adds a .group variable,
which computes a unique value for each group. Use it with
aes(group = .group) (#2351).
ggproto() produces objects with class c("ggproto", "gg"), allowing for
a more informative error message when adding layers, scales, or other ggproto
objects (@jrnold, #2056).
ggsave()'s DPI argument now supports 3 string options: "retina" (320
DPI), "print" (300 DPI), and "screen" (72 DPI) (@foo-bar-baz-qux, #2156).
ggsave() now uses full argument names to avoid partial match warnings
(#2355), and correctly restores the previous graphics device when several
graphics devices are open (#2363).
print.ggplot() now returns the original ggplot object, instead of the
output from ggplot_build(). Also, the object returned from
ggplot_build() now has the class "ggplot_built" (#2034).
map_data() now works even when purrr is loaded (tidyverse#66).
New functions summarise_layout(), summarise_coord(), and
summarise_layers() summarise the layout, coordinate systems, and layers
of a built ggplot object (#2034, @wch). This provides a tested API that
(e.g.) shiny can depend on.
Updated startup messages reflect new resources (#2410, @mine-cetinkaya-rundel).
structure(NULL) for R-devel compatibility (#1968).