36 Concepts Every GraphQL Developer Should Know

Introduction

This repository was created with the intention of helping developers master their concepts in GraphQL. It is not a requirement, but a guide for future studies.

Credit to @leonardomso's 33 JS Concepts Project for the inspiration.

Thanks to @kelseyyim for getting this started!

Community

Feel free to submit a PR adding a link to your own recaps or reviews. If you want to translate the repo into your native language, please feel free to do so.

All the translations for this repo will be listed below:

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Table of Contents

Specs

1. Queries
2. Mutations
3. Subscriptions
4. Types
5. Fields
6. Root Field
7. Relationships
8. Introspection
9. Arguments
10. Union Types
11. Interface Types
12. Directives
13. Type Extensions
14. Relay Specification
15. Schema Definition Language
16. GraphQLSchema Object

Server

17. Setting up a server
18. Schema
19. Resolvers
20. Context
21. Info Object
22. Databases
23. Dataloader
24. Entry Points
25. Schema Stitching
26. SDL First
27. Code First
28. Middleware

Client

29. Fetching
30. Fragments
31. Variables
32. Alias
33. Polling
34. Cache

Best Practices

35. Schema Design
36. Pagination
37. Logging

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Specs

1. Queries

Articles

• 📜 Queries and Mutations - Graphql.org
• 📜 The Anatomy of a Graphql Query — Sashko Stubailo
• 📜 Front End Queries Made Easy - Rasheed Bustamam
• 📜 An Introduction to Graphql Queries - Alligator.io
• 📜 Examples for GraphQL-Queries and Mutations - predict8

Videos

• 🎥 GraphQL Tutorial #4 - Making Queries - The Net Ninja
• 🎥 Writing GraphQL Queries - Live Coding with Jesse

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2. Mutations

Articles

• 📜 Mutations in GraphQL - Alexander Kondov
• 📜 Mutations - GraphQL.org
• 📜 Organizing GraphQL Mutations - Jeff Lowery
• 📜 GraphQL mutations: Partial updates implementation - Arnaud Bezançon
• 📜 Modeling GraphQL Mutations - Oleg Ilyenko
• 📜 GraphQL Mutation Design: Anemic Mutations - Marc-André Giroux
• 📜 Understanding GraphQL Mutations - Moon Highway

Videos

• 🎥 GraphQL Tutorial #18 - Mutations - The Net Ninja
• 🎥 GraphQL Tutorial #19 - More on Mutations - The Net Ninja
• 🎥 Learn Apollo - Basic Mutations - Prisma

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3. Subscriptions

Articles

• 📜 Subscriptions in Graphql and Relay - Dan Schafer
• 📜 From Zero to Graphql Subscriptions - Robert Zhu
• 📜 Make web real-time with GraphQL subscriptions - David Qorashi
• 📜 Realtime GraphQL Subscriptions - How to Graphql
• 📜 A Guide to Subscriptions in GraphQL with Apollo -Brenda Jimenez

Videos

• 🎥 What is a Graphql Subscription - Ben Awad
• 🎥 Introducing GraphQL Subscriptions - Lee Byron
• 🎥 How to build a Realtime Chat with GraphQL Subscriptions and Apollo - Prisma
• 🎥 How to setup GraphQL Subscriptions Nodejs - Ben Awad
• 🎥 How to add Authentication to your GraphQL Subscriptions - Ben Awad

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4. Types

Articles

• 📜 Constructing Types — Graphql.org
• 📜 Schema types - Apollo
• 📜 Object Types — Graphql.org

Videos

• 🎥 Author Types — The Net Ninja
• 🎥 Extending Schema Types - Full-stack GraphQL with Apollo, Meteor & React - LevelUpTuts

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5. Fields

Articles

• 📜 Fields — Graphql.org
• 📜 Object Types & Fields — Graphql.org

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6. Root Field

Articles

• 📜 Root Fields & Resolvers - Graphql.org

Videos

• 🎥 GraphQL Tutorial, Root Query — The Net Ninja

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7. Relationships

Articles

• 📜 Thinking in graphs - Graphql.Org
• 📜 A simple graphql example with relationships - Graphql Documentation

Videos

• 🎥 Type Relations - The Net Ninja

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8. Introspection

Articles

• 📜 GraphQL introspection and introspection queries - David Mráz

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9. Arguments

Articles

• 📜 Fields and arguments - flaviocopes
• 📜 Passing Arguments - GraphQL.org

Videos

• 🎥 Arguments - Novvum

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10. Union Types

Articles

• 📜 How to write add unions and interfaces to a schema - Apollo Documentation
• 📜 Graphql Tour Interfaces and Unions — Clay Allsopp
• 📜 Graphql Interfaces and Unions-How to design a Graphql Schema — David Mraz
• 📜 Interfaces and Unions in GraphQL — AWS Documentation

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11. Interface Types

Articles

• 📜 Interface Type - Apollo Documentation

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12. Directives

Articles

• 📜 GraphQL Directives - Abhi Aiyer
• 📜 Use custom directives to protect your GraphQL APIs - David He
• 📜 An introduction to GraphQL: Directives - Flavioscopes
• 📜 The Power of GraphQL Directives - Łukasz Czyszczonik
• 📜 Schema Directives - Apollo
• 📜 SDL Directives - GraphQLJava

Videos

• 🎥 Query Directives - Novvum
• 🎥 Directives in GraphQL - FullStackHour

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13. Type Extension

Articles

• 📜 Type Extension - Facebook
• 📜 Modularizing your GraphQL Schema Code: Extending types in multiple files - Apollo
• 📜 Schema Extension - Facebook
• 📜 The ultimate guide to schema stitching in GraphQL: Schema Extension - Rishichandra Wawhal

Videos

• 🎥 Extending Schema Types: Full-stack GraphQL with Apollo, Meteor & React - LevelUpTuts

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14. Relay Specification

Articles

• 📜 GraphQL Server Specification - Facebook
• 📜 Implementing the Relay spec in a GraphQL Server - Marc-Andre Giroux
• 📜 Relay/GraphqL: De-mystifying Node ID - Soon Hin Khor

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15. Schema Definition Language - SDL

Articles

• 📜 Defining Graph Database Schemas by using the GraphQL Schema Definition Language - Olaf Hartig
• 📜 GraphQL SDL, Schema Definition Language - Prisma Documentation
• 📜 Three ways to represent your GraphQL schema - Sashko Stubailo
• 📜 A GraphQL SDL Reference - Alligator

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16. GraphQLSchema object

Articles

• 📜 GraphQL.js GraphQLSchema object - Sashko Stubailo

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Server

17. Setting Up a Server

Articles

• 📜 Building a server with Apollo - Apollo GraphQL
• 📜 Your First GraphQL Server — Clay Allsopp
• 📜 Learn to build a GraphQL server with minimal effort — Ian Wilson
• 📜 Building a GraphQL Server with Node.js — Angus Croll
• 📜 There and Back Again, A GraphQL Lifecycle Tale — Annie Lydens and Thomas Paresi

Videos

• 🎥 Single GraphQL Server with Multiple Endpoints and Databases — Ben Awad
• 🎥 Building a GraphQL Server [Part 1] — Traversy Media
• 🎥 Building a GraphQL Server with TypeScript
• 🎥 Learn how to build an API using GraphQL with Apollo Server 2.0 — Fireship
• 🎥 Building Modern APIs with GraphQL - Robert Zhu
• 🎥 GraphQL server tutorial for Node.js with SQL, MongoDB and REST — Apollo GraphQL

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18. Schema

Articles

• 📜 Understanding schema concepts - Apollo Documentation
• 📜 Graphql Server Basics: Schemas Explained - Prisma Documentation
• 📜 GraphQL Schema Language Cheat Sheet - Hafiz Ismail
• 📜 GraphQL Server Basics: GraphQL Schemas, TypeDefs & Resolvers Explained - Prisma

Videos

• 🎥 GraphQL Schema - The Net Ninja

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19. Resolvers

Articles

• 📜 GraphQL Resolvers: Best Practices - Mark Stuart
• 📜 Overview of Resolvers - Graphcool Documentation
• 📜 GraphQL Server Basics: GraphQL Schemas, TypeDefs & Resolvers Explained - Prisma

Videos

• 🎥 GraphQL Tutorial #9, The Resolve Function - The Net Ninja

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20. Context

Articles

• 📜 GraphQL Context and Services - Eric Clemmons
• 📜 Learning about Execution and Context - GraphQL
• 📜 How does one set up database or other context in a graphql resolver - StackOverflow

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21. Info Object

Articles

• 📜 GraphQL Server Basics: Demystifying the info Argument in GraphQL Resolvers

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22. Databases

Articles

• 📜 Selecting database as data source for GraphQL Server — Wojciech Trocki
• 📜 Connecting Server and Database with the Prisma Client — Prisma
• 📜 Using a GraphQL API for Database Administration — Michael Hunger
• 📜 GraphQL as a database query language - Predrag Gruevski
• 📜 Use all the databases — Loren Sands-Ramshaw
• 📜 GraphQL for databases: A layer for universal database access — George Anadiotis

Videos

• 🎥 Build a GraphQL Server with Node.js and MongoDB - Ben Awad
• 🎥 Build a GraphQL server for Node.js, using PostgreSQL/MySQL - Lee Benson

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23. Dataloader

Articles

• 📜 Using dataloader with GraphQL: A Concrete Example — John Tucker
• 📜 The GraphQL Dataloader Pattern: Visualized — Marc-André Giroux

Videos

• 🎥 DataLoader – Source code walkthrough — Lee Byron
• 🎥 DataLoader and the Problem it solves in GraphQL — knowthen

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24. Entry Points

Articles

• 📜 API Reference: entry points — GraphQL
• 📜 Adding a GraphQL endpoint - Apollo Documentation
• 📜 Running a scalable & reliable GraphQL endpoint with Serverless - Siddharth Gupta
• 📜 Serving over HTTP: Endpoints - Graphql.org

Videos

• 🎥 ContentaJS GraphQL 3 - The GraphQL entry points — Mateu

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25. Schema Stitching

Articles

• 📜 The ultimate guide to Schema Stitching in GraphQL - Rishichandra Wawhal
• 📜 GraphQL Stitching 101 - Artsy
• 📜 Schema Stitching - Apollo Documentation
• 📜 GraphQL Remote Schema Stitching in a Multi-Service Architecture - Suciu Vlad
• 📜 Apollo Federation - Apollo

Videos

• 🎥 API mashup: Combining APIs using GraphQL schema stitching - GitHub
• 🎥 GraphQL Schema Stitching - Ben Awad
• 🎥 GraphQL Schema Stitching with Prisma and Contentful - Nikolas Burk(Contentful)

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26. SDL First

Articles

• 📜 The Problems of "Schema-First" GraphQL Server Development - Prisma
• 📜 Schema-First GraphqL: The Road Less Travelled - Jakub Draganek

Videos

• 🎥 Schema First Development - Prisma
• 🎥 Schema-first vs. Code-first - Mirumee Labs

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27. Code First

Articles

• 📜 Code-first - Hot Chocolate
• 📜 Introducing GraphQL Nexus Code First GraphQL Server Development - Prisma
• 📜 The Problems of Schema-First GraphQL - Prisma

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28. Middleware

Articles

• 📜 GraphQL Middleware - Prisma
• 📜 Authentification and express middleware - Graphql.org

Videos

• 🎥 GraphQL Middleware - Ben Awad
• 🎥 GraphQL Middleware in 6 minutes - Jamie Barton

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Client

29. Fetching

Articles

• 📜 4 simple ways to call a GraphQL API - Sashko Stubailo

Videos

• 🎥 Fetching data from an API in GraphQL - Ben Awad
• 🎥 Building a GraphQL Server, RootQuery & Fetching Data - Traversy Media

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30. Fragments

Articles

• 📜 Using fragments - Apollo
• 📜 How to query your schema with GraphQL fragments - David Mráz
• 📜 GraphQL Fragments are the Best Match for UI Components - Samer Buna

Videos

• 🎥 How GraphQL Fragments Work - Ben Awad

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31. Variables

Articles

• 📜 GraphQL Tour: Variables - Clay Allsop
• 📜 Introduction to GraphQL: GraphQL Variables - Flavioscopes

Videos

• 🎥 GraphQL Tips: Query Variables - Novvum
• 🎥 GraphQL Tutorial #32: Query Variables - The Net Ninja
• 🎥 GraphQL Tips: Default Values for Variables - Novvum

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32. Alias

Articles

• 📜 An Introduction to GraphQL: Aliases - GraphQL Mastery
• 📜 How to use GraphQL aliases - GraphQL Mastery
• 📜 More GraphQL Concepts: Aliases - HowtoGraphQL

Videos

• 🎥 GraphQL Tips: Aliases - Novvum

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33. Polling

Articles

• 📜 Dynamic GraphQL polling with React and Apollo Client - David Glasser

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34. Cache

Articles

• 📜 A Different Approach to GraphQL Caching - Adam Reacts
• 📜 Understanding Caching - Weblab Technology
• 📜 Caching with GraphQl: What are the best options? - Will Howard
• 📜 GraphQL VS Rest: Caching - Phil Sturgeon
• 📜 Learn Caching - Graphql.org
• 📜 Overview: GraphQL Query Parsing and Caching at the Edge - Monika Rathor
• 📜 GraphQL & Caching: The Elephant in the Room - Marc-André Giroux

Videos

• 🎥 GraphQL Caching using DataLoader — Fun Fun Function
• 🎥 Feature: GraphQL Caching with DataLoader — Ben Awad

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Best Practices

35. Schema Design

Articles

• 📜 GraphQL best practices for GraphQL schema design - David Mraz
• 📜 GraphQL Schema Design: Building Evolvable Schemas - Marc-André Giroux
• 📜 Writing a Graphql Schema - Eitan Frailich
• 📜 Abstract Demand Oriented Schema - Apollo

Videos

• 🎥 GraphQL Schema Design — Marc-André Giroux

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36. Pagination

Articles

• 📜 Pagination

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37. Logging

Articles

• 📜 GraphQL Log - withSpectrum
• 📜 Structured Logging - Apollo

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Contributors

Thanks goes to these wonderful people (emoji key):

Kelsey Yim 🚧	Rohit Ravikoti 🚧	Alli Colyer 🖋	Raj K Singh 🖋	Jorge Carlos 🖋	Henry Yang 🖋	TrevHeath 🖋

This project follows the all-contributors specification. Contributions of any kind welcome!